According to TWI-Global, glass-metal sealing is a long-standing technique used in the electronics industry to achieve hermetic and electrically insulating seals. A successful seal requires a chemical bond between the glass and metal, along with the glass being placed in compression.
When it comes to glass-metal seals, material selection is typically based on achieving a specific coefficient of thermal expansion suitable for the fabrication process and anticipated temperature ranges.
Seals are often categorized based on factors such as the geometry of the metal parts, type of metal or alloy, type of glass, joining method, fabrication technique, or the relative thermal expansion of the glass and metal. Among these classifications, the most commonly used one is based on the thermal expansion properties.
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